In Linux operating systems, specifically Redhat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS, the method to change the runlevel via \/etc\/inittab has become obsolete as of RHEL 7 and CentOS 7. These latest versions of Linux operating systems have adopted the systemd system management daemon and rely on the systemctl command to change the runlevel. The runlevel is set by linking to \/etc\/systemd\/system\/default.target. Before proceeding to change the runlevel, it is essential to ensure that the Gnome GUI is already installed.<\/p>\n
This tutorial will guide you through the process of checking the current runlevel, displaying the default.target, listing all currently loaded targets, changing the runlevel to Graphical-login, verifying the changed runlevel, and finally rebooting the server to login to the GNOME gui.<\/p>\n
To check the current runlevel, you can use either of the following commands:<\/p>\n
\r\n# runlevel\r\nN 3\r\n<\/pre>\nor<\/p>\n
\r\n# systemctl get-default\r\nmulti-user.target\r\n<\/pre>\nDisplaying the Default.target<\/h2>\n
You can display the default.target by using the list command:<\/p>\n
\r\n# ll \/etc\/systemd\/system\/default.target\r\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 37 Sep 1 2014 \/etc\/systemd\/system\/default.target -> \/lib\/systemd\/system\/multi-user.target\r\n<\/pre>\nListing All Currently Loaded Targets<\/h2>\n
To list all currently loaded targets, use the following command:<\/p>\n
\r\n# systemctl list-units -t target\r\n<\/pre>\nThis command will display a list of all currently loaded targets, including their load status, active status, and sub status.<\/p>\n
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION\r\nbasic.target loaded active active Basic System\r\ncryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes\r\ngetty.target loaded active active Login Prompts\r\nlocal-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)\r\nlocal-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems\r\nmulti-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System\r\nnetwork.target loaded active active Network\r\npaths.target loaded active active Paths\r\nremote-fs.target loaded active active Remote File Systems\r\nslices.target loaded active active Slices\r\nsockets.target loaded active active Sockets\r\nswap.target loaded active active Swap\r\nsysinit.target loaded active active System Initialization\r\ntimers.target loaded active active Timers\r\n\r\nLOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\r\nACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\r\nSUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\r\n\r\n14 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.\r\nTo show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.\r\n<\/pre>\nChanging the RunLevel to Graphical-login<\/h2>\n
To change the RunLevel to Graphical-login, use the following command:<\/p>\n
\r\n# systemctl set-default graphical.target\r\n<\/pre>\nThis command will remove the current default.target and create a symbolic link to the graphical.target.<\/p>\n
Verifying the Changed Runlevel<\/h2>\n
To verify that the runlevel has been changed, you can use either of the following commands:<\/p>\n
\r\n# runlevel\r\nN 5\r\n<\/pre>\nor<\/p>\n
\r\n# systemctl get-default\r\ngraphical.target\r\n<\/pre>\nRebooting the Server<\/h2>\n
Finally, to apply the changes, reboot the server. After rebooting, you will be able to login to the GNOME gui.<\/p>\n
Commands Mentioned<\/h2>\n
\n
- # runlevel<\/span> \u2013 Checks the current runlevel<\/li>\n
- # systemctl get-default<\/span> \u2013 Gets the default runlevel<\/li>\n
- # ll \/etc\/systemd\/system\/default.target<\/span> \u2013 Displays the default.target<\/li>\n
- # systemctl list-units -t target<\/span> \u2013 Lists all currently loaded targets<\/li>\n
- # systemctl set-default graphical.target<\/span> \u2013 Changes the RunLevel to Graphical-login<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Conclusion<\/h2>\n
Changing the runlevel in RHEL 7 and CentOS 7 involves a series of steps that include checking the current runlevel, displaying the default.target, listing all currently loaded targets, changing the runlevel to Graphical-login, verifying the changed runlevel, and finally rebooting the server to login to the GNOME gui. This process is made possible by the systemd system management daemon and the systemctl command.<\/p>\n
Remember, before proceeding to change the runlevel, it is essential to ensure that the Gnome GUI is already installed.<\/p>\n
By following this tutorial, you should now be able to change the runlevel on your RHEL 7 or CentOS 7 server with ease.<\/p>\n
FAQ<\/h2>\n
\n
- \n
What is the command to check the current runlevel?<\/p>\n
\n You can use either “# runlevel” or “# systemctl get-default” to check the current runlevel.<\/span>\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
How can I display the default.target?<\/p>\n
\n You can display the default.target by using the list command: “# ll \/etc\/systemd\/system\/default.target”.<\/span>\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
What is the command to list all currently loaded targets?<\/p>\n
\n You can list all currently loaded targets by using the command: “# systemctl list-units -t target”.<\/span>\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
How can I change the RunLevel to Graphical-login?<\/p>\n
\n You can change the RunLevel to Graphical-login by using the command: “# systemctl set-default graphical.target”.<\/span>\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
What is the command to verify the changed runlevel?<\/p>\n
\n You can verify the changed runlevel by using either “# runlevel” or “# systemctl get-default”.<\/span>\n <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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