NGINX, pronounced “Engine X” is an alternate web server for Apache. NGINX is an open source web server and a reverse proxy server for HTTP, SMTP, POP3 and IMAP protocols. If you plan to run a very busy and high concurrency websites but with low memory usage, i would suggest you to setup NGINX as a web server on your Virtual Private Server (VPS) or dedicated server.
1. Install nginx, PHP and MySQL :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo apt-get install nginx php5 php5-fpm php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl mysql-server-5.6 -y
During this installation, you will require to set MySQL’s root password :
2. Open /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini and set cgi.fix_pathinfo=0:
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini
; http://php.net/cgi.fix-pathinfo cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 ; FastCGI under IIS (on WINNT based OS) supports the ability to impersonate ; securi
3. Set date.timezone in /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini
[Date] ; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions ; http://php.net/date.timezone date.timezone = "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur" ; http://php.net/date.default-latitude ;date.default_latitude = 31.7667
4. By default PHP-FPM is listening on the socket /var/run/php5-fpm.sock. We have an option to make PHP-FPM use a TCP connection. Open and add “listen = 127.0.0.1:9000” and comment out “listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock”
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo vim /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
Change as below :
.. .. ; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket. ; Note: This value is mandatory. ;listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 .. ..
5. Restart PHP-FPM :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo service php5-fpm restart stop: Unknown instance: php5-fpm start/running, process 7314
6. Backup NGINX config file :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo cp -p /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.bak
7. Check Number CPU on your VPS server. This will will require to adjust NGINX Worker Processes & Connections. NGINX workers is equal to the number of processors :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ lscpu | grep '^CPU(s)' CPU(s): 1
8. Configure worker_processes on nginx.conf as below :
.. .. worker_processes 1; .. ..
Full nginx configuration should like below :
user www-data; worker_processes 1; pid /run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } #mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } #}
9. Under your home directory, create public_html and change owner to www-data. This will be your document root directory :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo mkdir public_html/ ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data public_html/
10. Create index.php under document root directory :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo vim public_html/index.php
Insert the following :
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
11. Now it’s turn to setup your NGINX. Please modify the default site.
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
Kindly update the root directory and comment out the required lines as below :
# You may add here your # server { # ... # } # statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file ## # You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding # of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx. # http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls # http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart # http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration # # Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean # file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled. # # Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples. ## server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; root /home/ehowstuff/public_html; index index.html index.htm index.php; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # # ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # ssl_ciphers "HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5 or HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!3DES"; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # } #}
12. Restart your nginx and php5-fpm service to take effect all changes :
ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo service nginx restart ehowstuff@ubuntu14:~$ sudo service php5-fpm restart
13. Test your NGINX site by visit http://IP-Adress :
Done!!!
1 Comment
I found a way to make this process even simpler. There is a very useful script – Easy Engine, which can be installed by following the tutorial at
https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-install-nginx-php5-fpm-mysql-phpmyadmin-postfix-on-a-ubuntu-server-using-easy-engine-shell-script/